Base guidance is that personnel turn off any music playing in the vehicle. hbbd```b``6+@$d@$60{;d?[$c1;L x"T Both ceremonies take place every day including weekends and holidays, rain or shine, and are performed by the West Point Military Police Detachment Honor Guard at the flag pole in the vicinity of the Battle Monument at Trophy Point. According to AFI 34-1201 8.1.6.2 "Retreat is much the same as Reveille, Retreat is just a bugle call but even if the flag is not being lowered it is the playing of the national . The proper response for military members in uniform during reveille and retreat is to face the flag or the direction of the sound of the music and stand at parade rest. Remove your hat with the right hand and hold it at the left shoulder while your right hand is over the heart. The University of Oklahoma Detachment 675's Flag detail procedures for the 2016-2017 Year. Some may find it hard to break the ingrained response to stop or salute at the first note of any music, but the guidance comes straight from AFI 34-1201 8.1.6.2. . This is guaranteed to result in a loud tirade about how they work for a living. On some installations a cannon will signal the beginning of Reveille and Retreat. endobj Let's work on two habits: 1 you have to STOP and 1 you have What is the difference between the Seasonal Tactical Fitness Periodization programs recently developed vs. previous years? This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed. <>>> These two ceremonies have been executed on military bases for more years than I can remember. As stated above, Stopping is required within the limits of safety on all otherstreets. A sloppy salute can mean that you're ashamed of your unit, lack confidence or, at the very least, haven't learned how to salute correctly. "The control points are an effort to re-instill pride, tradition and discipline across the post in an area that for quite some time has gone unrecognized. Whether in uniform or not in uniform: At the first sounds of Retreat, stop where you are and turn to face the flag, or in a case where the flag is not visible, turn in the general direction of the flag or the sound and, if in uniform, stand at parade rest. The Cadet immediately prepared a complete and effective presentation of the material, and gave an excellent briefing to you during rehearsal. When you're dismissed or when the officer departs, come to attention and salute. hb```,l- cb[~$ Qb`cS \dy#N,w When actively participating in a PT exercise or leadership exercise. Either the senior or the subordinate is wearing civilian clothes. During this time, you will hear retreat, followed by the national anthem, or at JBSA-Fort Sam Houston, retreat followed by To the Colors.. When the music stops drop the hand salute and resume activities. Remove your hat with the right hand and hold it at the left shoulder while your right hand is over the heart. | Army Organic Industrial Base Modernization Implementation Plan, Program helps Soldiers recover, overcome with music. According the Army Regulation 600-25 -- Salutes, Honors and Visits of Courtesy, Soldiers in uniform will stop,. All civilians or military members not in uniform, come to attention and place your right hand over your heart at the first notes of "To the Color" or the national anthem. 2. When the canon fires, just before the first note of 'To the Colors,' come to the position of Present Arms. Service members and veterans, even if not in uniform, may render a salute during reveille or retreat. Those new tothe basemay not be aware of some military traditions. After the rehearsal, the Cadet asked if someone else could give the presentation to the new freshmen. Cadet Smith stands at attention for reveille and salutes for retreat. The end of the duty day is announced with Retreat at 5:30 p.m. daily at all JBSA locations. Never turn and walk away to avoid giving the hand salute. Do I need to stop and salute during Reveille? By Command Sgt. DD 214 Info: At the first note of Retreat and the national anthem, you should bring your moving vehicle safely to a complete stop as you would if an emergency vehicle were approaching and put the car in park. Reveille signals the beginning of the official duty day of Dobbins Air Reserve Base and plays at 6:30 a.m. daily. The unit salutes until the flag is six steps past and the commander gives order, arms. Otherwise, you're likely to hear a (very loud) speech about a sir sandwich. . These customs and traditions give us a sense of who we are as a fighting force. Exception: AFI 34-1201 8.1.5.2 states that members of the Armed Forces and veterans who not in uniform may render a salute during the hoisting, lowering or passing of the flag and during the national anthem. The goal of the Drill & Ceremonies School is to provide the participant a good foundation in the proper conduct of drill and ceremonies per AFMAN 36-2203. So what is the appropriate courtesy? In Marine Corps basic training, do not use personal pronouns such as "you," "I" or "we." All personnel in civilian clothes in a group or alone: When 'Retreat' is sounded, stop, face the flag (or in the direction of the music if the flag cannot be seen) and come to the position of Attention. @@62j2100``Y[1Eq'@RkODH-t`t$A jyg]dzB1 njB, The terms "Reveille" and "Retreat" can refer both to the ceremony that is used to show respect to the flag and to the music that initiates the event. They signal the beginning (typically 7:30 a.m.) and ending (typically 5 p.m.) of the official duty day. Reveille is the raising of the flag for the day's activities and is a ceremony to honor the flag when it is raised in the morning and plays at 7 a.m. Retreat is the retirement of the flag from the day's activities and plays at 4:30 p.m. An official website of the United States government. At reveille and retreat ceremonies, during the raising or lowering of the flag When pledging allegiance to the U.S. flag outdoors When turning over control of formations Cadets will focus on D&C at the basic and advanced levels to improve their ability to lead within the leadership laboratory of the Civil Air Patrol Cadet Program. When the music stops the Soldier in charge of the formation or group will command the formation or group to Order Arms and resume activities. Reveille and retreat are two military traditions observed by the personnel of the 180th Fighter Wing. An official website of the United States government, The Joint Base Andrews Honor Guard lowers a U.S. Copyright 2023 Military.com. U.S. Army Garrison West Point official Facebook, U.S. Army Garrison West Point official Flickr. Service members salute the American flag during a retreat ceremony. Reveille signifies the start of the duty day and is initiated with a bugle call, which is followed by the playing of "To the Color." Retreat signifies the end of the duty day and is a signal to . The U.S. military is comprised of five organizations that instill pride in their members because of history, mission, capabilities and respect that has been earned in the service of the nation. Reveille: 7 A.M. The morning bugle call, known as Reveille, was originally conducted as "Troop" in 1812 and was designed to muster the unit or for roll call, but as time passed it came to mark when the flag was raised in the morning and honors paid to it. 4 0 obj Jose A. LugoSantiago 1832 0 obj <>stream They also serve as ceremonies for paying respect to the flag and those who serve it. When speaking to or being addressed by a noncommissioned officer of superior rank, stand at parade rest until ordered otherwise. The TAP Explore Program, in partnership with our team and the Office for Student Success, will host the Majors & Minors Fair Spring 2023 on March 8 from 11 a.m. to 2 p.m. in MSC 2406. Although some military experts have an incredibly in-depth knowledge of the military, no one can know everything there is to Navy ranks are split into two tiers: Officer and Admiral. Courteous behavior provides a basis for developing good human relations. This will place the headgear in front of the left shoulder. When reveille and retreat are played as a prelude to the national anthem or "To the Color," or if the flag is raised or lowered, all personnel here participating in outdoor activities (to include, but not limited to, walking, individual/unit physical training) should stop their activity, face the flag or direction of the music, stand at attention and show respect for the flag, according to AFI 34-1201. Those new tothe basemay not be aware of some military traditions. Airmen are required to salute when the flag is raised, lowered or hoisted, including passing during special ceremonies. They signal the beginning and ending of the official duty day and serve as ceremonies for paying respect to the flag and those who serve it, according the Air Force Master Sgt. Never go over the heads of superiors -- don't jump the chain of command. When an officer enters a room, the first enlisted person to recognize the officer calls personnel in the room to attention but does not salute. However, everyone must stand during the playing of the national anthem before a showing of a movie while in the base theater. Wrong-way driver slams into law-enforcement recruits out jogging in Whittier. endstream endobj startxref The ceremonies of Retreat in the afternoon, coupled with Reveille in the morning, constitute a dignified homage to our national flag from its raising to its lowering. Reveille signifies the start of the duty day and is initiated with a bugle call, which is followed by the playing of "To the Color." Rules of Reveille and Retreat Published June 14, 2020 72nd Air Base Wing Public Affairs Anyone who has spent time on a military installation knows that if its morning or late afternoon and trumpets blast through the speakers, traffic stops and salutes are smartly snapped in the direction of the flag. Se ejecuta a las 2100 horas (9 p. m.) y es la ltima llamada del da con el fin de indicar que se inicia y marca el "tiempo de quietud" en la base. Reveille was not originally intended as honors to the flag. .>g*Si`)i ? se:laK|En\sg~R ff_o(bW*TrwUep'%jlg_:CLr C@j(*+U. Current Air Force military members can log into Personnel Records Display Application through AF Portal. The salute isn't simply an honor exchanged; it's a privileged gesture of respect and trust among military members. All rights reserved. The customs of the military services are their common law. If wearing headgear; remove the headgear with the right hand when 'Reveille' is sounded and put the right hand over the heart. Reveille and Retreat play every day to signal the beginning and end of the duty day. A reflection of that pride is visible in the customs, courtesies and traditions of military service. Not in uniform: Do not salute if you are not in uniform. View more newsletters on our Subscriptions page. The officer returns the greeting and drops the salute 4. Throughout Joint Base San Antonio, you will hear "Reveille" at 5 a.m. daily at Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, 5:30 a.m. at JBSA-Fort Sam Houston and 6:30 a.m. at JBSA-Randolph. Military courtesy is not a one-way street. A U.S. Air Force Airman renders a salute to the American flag, depicting the proper respect to pay. Military personnel in uniform, in a formation or a group: at the sound of the first note of 'Reveille' the Soldier in charge of the formation or group will stop, align the formation with the flag (or in the direction of the music if the flag cannot be seen) and bring the formation or group to the position of Attention and Present Arms. The salute is widely misunderstood outside the military. As such, they're always addressed politely, using sir or ma'am. These calls are Reveille, Retreat and Taps and are meant to be reflective moments of respect and reverence for the American flag and the nation it represents. Many Air Force installations play Taps to signify lights out or to begin quiet hours. When the music stops drop the hand salute and resume activities. "Those not in uniform, and civilians, should stand at attention and place their right hand over their heart. Show youre a professional a proud heir of a rich military heritage. When the canon fires, just before the first note of 'To the Colors,' the Soldier in charge will bring the formation or group to the position of Attention and Present Arms. ", When the United States national anthem, "To the Color," "Hail to the Chief" or foreign national anthems are played, On ceremonial occasions, such as changes of command or funerals, At reveille and retreat ceremonies, during the raising or lowering of the flag, When pledging allegiance to the U.S. flag outdoors, On the stern of a ship when arriving or departing from the ship, To officers of friendly foreign countries, Indoors, unless reporting to an officer or when on duty as a guard. If the flag is not visible, turn in the general direction of the flag or towards the direction of the music. What do I do if I'm driving at the time of Retreat? Malcolm Grow Medical Clinics and Surgery Center, Sexual Assault Prevention & Response Program, Hosted by Defense Media Activity - WEB.mil. When are cadets and staff exempt from the customs of reveille or retreat? endstream endobj 1833 0 obj <>stream Retreat has always been at sunset. Retreat and the national anthem are played daily at 5 p.m., even as a civilian or in civilian clothes, you should stop and face the flag or the music if walking and stop your vehicle safely if you are still in your vehicle. Members must hold their salute until the last note of either the national anthem or To the Colors.. United States Army Garrison West Point Military Company Soldiers wait to fire the canon while assisting in retiring the National Colors for the day at the Memorial Day Ceremony, May 30, 2016 (U.S. Army photo by Thomas B. Hamilton III, USAG West Point Vietnamese-American service members parallel paths to the American dream, U.S. Army STAND-TO! Everyone who lives, works and plays on Fort Leonard Wood has the opportunity to pay respects to the American flag twice a day as it is raised and lowered. One of the Los Angeles County law enforcement cadets critically injured by an SUV while on a training run in South Whittier last Wednesday has suffered setbacks and is in "grave condition," sheriff's officials said Sunday, Nov. 20. For example, JBSA senior enlisted leaders for the Marine Corps, Navy and Air Force stated the expectation for vehicle occupants is to sit quietly until the last note of the music has played or the ag is fully raised or lowered. We need an individual who subscribes to and supports our commitment as stated above. eoq1Mu^h053[BTTT+`h`h` @$ yl. Drivers in vehicles during Reveille (when the ag is being raised), or Retreat, should pull the car to the side of the road and stop. Military personnel in uniform, in a formation or a group will: when 'Retreat' is sounded, the Soldier in charge of the formation or group will stop, align the formation with the flag (or in the direction of the music if the flag cannot be seen) and bring the formation or group to the position of Parade Rest. Required flag protocol for each branch when in PT uniform: This signies the beginning of the duty day. They are the top dogs. According to officials, traffic control across Fort Leonard Wood has enabled moving vehicle traffic to safely pull over; allowing drivers and passengers to dismount and render the proper honors to the United States colors. Retreat's original purpose was to notify sentries to start challenging until sunrise, and to tell Soldiers to go to retire to their quarters for the day, according to the manual. During official greetings; during reveille and retreat; during the rendering of honors. Maj. Roderick Taylor (USAG West Point Command Sergeant Major)October 14, 2016, WEST POINT, NY (Oct. 14, 2016) - The U.S. Army and the U.S. Military Academy at West Point are steeped in tradition. The flag was retired because its condition was no longer deemed a fitting emblem for display. Don't overuse these terms, though. The terms "Reveille" and "Retreat" can refer both to the ceremony that is used to show respect to the flag and to the music that initiates the event. 11 min read. Going LIVE - Taking Questions, TFR 230 - Tactical Fitness System Differences (Elements vs Events) Special Ops Level Training. Some consider it to be a gesture of servility since the junior extends a salute to the senior, but this interpretation isn't true at all. When outdoors and in uniform while Reveille is . Instead, speak in the third person: "Does the drill instructor want this recruit to inform the other recruits of his instructions?". Hanscom displays the U.S. flag 24/7 instead of raising it each morning, meaning reveille is just a . Exception: AFI 34-1201 8.1.5.2 states that members of the Armed Forces and veterans who not in uniform may render a salute during the hoisting, lowering or passing of the flag . Today, reveille and retreat ceremonies serve a twofold purpose. The primary responsibility will be to serve as the official representative of the Commandant during after-duty hours in matters relating to the continuing operation of the Corps of Cadets and with regard to any extraordinary events needing supervision. 2 0 obj Maj. Richard "Mitch" Prater, former Maneuver Support Center of Excellence G3/5/7. Advanced DCS. Retreat signals the end of the official duty day for Dobbins ARB and plays at 4:30 p.m. daily. Never appear in uniform while under the influence of alcohol. Walk on the left of and slightly behind an officer or NCO of superior rank. (U.S. Air Force photo/Airman 1st Class Ryan J. Sonnier). In 1812, it was a drum call to signify that Soldiers should rise for day duty, and sentries should leave off night challenging (halting people and demanding identification). xZYF~7hGHMqfhDx'( c[x+?O/O? "We are also honoring those who have fought under the flag, and in some cases are buried under it, to protect our constitution and preserve the rights and liberty we all enjoy.". It is initiated with the playing of "Retreat" followed by the National Anthem. Lt. Col. Thompson The American Army has used this bugle call since the Revolutionary War. These pronouns will send your Marine Corps basic training instructor into an absolute tizzy. Want to read all 2 pages? In any case not covered by specific instructions, render the salute. It is initiated with the playing of "Retreat" followed by the National Anthem. All drivers are directed to pull over to the side and stop during reveille or retreat. The cadet gives the greeting of the day 3. For Soldiers, the day starts and ends with a flag ceremony: reveille and retreat. Never criticize your service or your leaders in public. %PDF-1.6 % A proud, smart salute shows pride in yourself and your unit and that you're confident in your abilities as a soldier. All personnel in civilian clothes in a group or alone with headgear: at the sound of the first note of 'Reveille' stop, face the flag (or in the direction of the music if the flag cannot be seen) and come to the position of Attention and Present Arms. This is our opportunity to reect and show gratitude. Speak with your own voice. Anyone in a moving vehicle should pull off the road -- (and) if they can safely do so, dismount their vehicle and perform the same actions listed above.". According to AFI 34-1201, Taps began as a signal to extinguish lights (lights out) at the end of the day. The salute is an expression that recognizes each other as a member of the profession of arms -- that they have made a personal commitment of self-sacrifice to preserve the American way of life. Using Lesson C2 and TC 3-21.5, plan and execute a Retreat or Command Retreat Ceremony. "It should remind us that the present and future of our Army is linked to our past," Hayes continued. If sponsoring guests, including contractors, one should inform them of these requirements and protocols. Today, reveille and retreat ceremonies serve a twofold purpose. The Premier Installation In The Department Of Defense, By Chief Master Sgt. As a reminder, traffic control checkpoints are established at key intersections during retreat in order to halt traffic on duty days. You Should Be, Too, Everything You Need to Know About the Military Draft, 6 Tips for Basic Trainees Who Want to Keep Their Drill Instructors Happy, Last-Minute Tips for Taking the Navy-Wide Advancement Exam, How to Study for the Navy-Wide Advancement Exam, How to Find Out Whats on Your Navy-Wide Advancement Exam, Security Expert: Valid Reason for TikTok Concern, TFR 224 - Discussion on Mental Toughness with Jeff Nichols, TFR226 - LTC Nick Barringer PhD Discusses Nutrition for Joint Health, Invest In Yourself - Time and Consistency Are the Keys. Come to attention and salute at the first notes of "To the Color" or the national anthem. At the first notes of "Reveille" or "Retreat," stop where you are and turn to face the flag. Retreat: 5 P.M. At the end of the work day, Retreat will sound. Courtesies to our ag are not only a venue to honor our ag, but are also a sign of our professionalism. When entering or exiting a vehicle or boat, the junior ranking military member is the first to enter, and the senior in rank is the first to exit. Pat's unit is in formation. Right in your inbox. Flag during a retreat ceremony in front of the Jones Building, JBA, Md., March 23, 2015. This will place the headgear in front of the left shoulder. The next time you hear Reveille or Retreat, go ahead do the right thing. According to Air Force Instruction 34-1201 8.1.5.2, because Tinkers flags are flown 24/7 and To The Color is not played, there is no need to stop or salute during Reveille. While some of these courtesies seem to wane after basic, they're strictly adhered to during military basic training: From Basic Training for Dummies, copyright 2011 by Wiley Publishing, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Any veteran will tell you that -- in retrospect -- basic training is physically demanding but actually not as hard as it Get the scoop on discounts and latest award-winning military content. (U.S. Air Force illustration/Bob Stillwell), An official website of the United States government, Hosted by Defense Media Activity - WEB.mil. A man driving to work in an SUV veered into the wrong lane on a south Whittier road early Wednesday and slammed into a group of several dozen Los Angeles Sheriff's Department and police cadets on a morning training jog, injuring 25 of them, including some critically, authorities said. Verify your free subscription by following the instructions in the email sent to: There's one final thing you need to do before you take the Navy-Wide Advancement Exam: relax. Reveille sounds every morning and retreat is sounded every evening, seven days a week, at times determined by the installation commander. Describe the original purpose of Retreat and where the ceremony traces back to. It is initiated with the playing of "Retreat" followed by the national anthem. You need to know not only Air Whether you are a Soldier, Cadet, Civilian employee, Family member, Retiree or Veteran, when you hear Reveille or Retreat or To the Colors being played on West Point, we ask that you render the . Chapter 5: Courtesy Visits Within the Army, page : 7. When the canon fires, just before the first note of 'To the Colors,' put the right hand over the heart. Retreat and reveille have long played a part in the Army's daily life. Five Los Angeles County sheriff's recruits were critically injured Wednesday morning when a man driving a Honda CRV plowed into a large group during a training run in South Whittier, authorities said. Retreat signifies the end of the duty day and is a signal to pay respects. Customs include positive actions -- things you do -- and taboos, or things you avoid. During these times, all of us are required to afford the appropriate courtesies. What is the military draft and Selective Service? Maj. Michael Hayes, Maneuver Support Center and Fort Leonard Wood. A step-by-step demonstration on how to properly render honors during Reveille and Retreat on the Fort Knox Army installation. Military personnel in uniform, not in a formation: at the sound of the first note of 'Reveille' stop, face the flag (or in the direction of the music if the flag cannot be seen) come to the position of Attention and Present Arms. So what exactly is going to be on your Navy-Wide Advancement Exam (NWAE), and what do you need to study? "By keeping alive the customs and traditions of our past, we are also keeping alive the legacy of those who have fought, sacrificed, bled and died to build our military into the most formidable Army in the world. ", Maneuver Support Center of Excellence and Fort Leonad Wood, Retreat and Reveille: Pay your respects to the flag, African American achievement inspires Army tech professionals, Vermont Army Guard leads training exercise in Arctic Circle, Medical CDID: Vital to Army Health Systems support of multi-domain operations, Tuskegee Airman discusses distinguished service, Sky Soldiers establish new relationship with Cypriot forces, First-ever multi-domain effects crews increase readiness at Fort Huachuca, Army engineer recognized for exemplary work in obsolescence management. The crash occurred near the sheriff's STARS Center training academy, near Mills Avenue and Trumball . _UL?#7 %7 "Reveille" and "Retreat" play every day to signal the beginning and end of the duty day. Senior DCS. When you hear the command, "At ease," in a dining facility, remain seated and silent and continue eating unless directed otherwise. Consequently, the expectations behind reveille and retreat and are worth revisiting. Taps: endobj stream When the music stops, drop the hand, place headgear back on the head and resume activities. Reveille, which is played at 6:30 a.m., in Hawaii, is when the flag is hoisted and the bugle sounds, signifying . What if I'm wearing my physical training uniform? "We are honoring the nation the flag represents," said former Command Sgt. The protocol applies to all people on base to include non-military and civilians. The cadet leaders are able to: 1. Come to attention and place your right hand over your heart. Commissioned officers (and to a lesser extent, warrant officers) run the U.S. military. The cadet was identified as Alejandro Martinez by the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department, which asked . CAREER CENTER. They signal the beginning and ending of the official duty day and serve as ceremonies for paying respect to the flag and those. Learn about the benefits of serving your country, paying for school, military career paths and more: sign up now and hear from a recruiter near you. Proper protocol dictates that those in uniform will stand at attention and salute. You'll get plenty of practice saluting in basic training, but it wouldn't hurt to practice in front of a mirror several times before you leave so that you can do it correctly automatically. While every service member knows that the military has specific protocols to follow during reveille and retreat, the civilian population may be unaware of such rules. If civilian or military members are outdoors during the playing of taps, the proper protocol is to stop your vehicle or your person, remove any headgear, and face the direction of the music. USMC/USN: In accordance with service protocol, will face the flag or music, stand attention and remain at attention until the national anthem is finished. "Reveille," or "Hail to the Chief" is played, at the first note, all Soldiers in uniform and not in formation face the flagor the music, if the flag is not in viewstand at attention, . Regarding courtesies while in civilian attire and while outdoors, face the ag (or the sound of the music) and stand at attention with the right hand over the heart. stationary flagstaffs are not saluted except during reveille and retreat. Retreat is always sounded just before 5 p.m., the canon is then fired and immediately followed by To the Colors. Thanks to:Cadet Steiteler Cadet ValeraCadet Lunsford {:I&>=E2J|x|,oyKxlM7]3l#y&a'|9Wle7//'u5K-\ kAmFC#(P+h6 /4CPhiQ]cWG\!\ $_}&yqt;87Yri-dw7:v^)y)Tv?/Lsx!|#s|z`qX*KPVh1 `3 0|U(Y8 The four military members represented each branch of the U.S. military and assembled to show solidarity. A step-by-step guide on how to properly perform the ceremonies of Reveille and Retreat.NOTE: Unless otherwise instructed, the tallest cadet in the detail sho. Proper military customs and courtesies apply while wearing the PT uniform during reveille and retreat. In the final analysis, military courtesy is the respect shown to each other by members of the same profession. Jose A. LugoSantiago, Air Force Installations & Mission Support Center, JOINT BASE SAN ANTNOIO-LACKLAND, Texas. The fact that the junior extends the greeting first is merely a point of etiquette -- a salute extended or returned makes the same statement. endstream endobj 241 0 obj <. When do I come to attention and salute the flag? % Some military customs are established by regulation, and you can be punished (even sent to jail) for disregarding them, while others are unwritten, but obeyed just the same. Remain at attention saluting the flag until the national anthem has finished playing. Army personnel are expected to stop the vehicle as well, but then Army personnel exit the vehicle and render the same courtesies as all the services do when a service member is outdoors. Anyone who has spent time on a military installation knows that if its morning or late afternoon and trumpets blast through the speakers, traffic stops and salutes are smartly snapped in the direction of the flag. Reveille and retreat 4 - 1, page : 6: Precedence of Soldiers at parades and reviews 4 - 2, page : 6. USAF/USA: In accordance with service protocol, will face the flag or music, stand attention and salute at first note of the national anthem and hold the salute until the national anthem is finished.
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