The priest was Alphonsus. Actually, the document was a new rule devised by one of his enemies, thus causing the followers of the old rule to break away. A respected opponent was the redoubtable Dominican controversialist, P. Vincenzo Patuzzi, while to make up for hard blows we have another Dominican, P. Caputo, President of Alphonsus's seminary and a devoted helper in his work of reform. [7], On 9 November 1732, he founded the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer,[10] when Sister Maria Celeste Crostarosa told him that it had been revealed to her that he was the one that God had chosen to found the congregation. The childish fault for which he most reproached himself in after-life was resisting his father too strongly when he was told to take part in a drawing-room play. In 1780, a crisis arose in which they did this, yet in such a way as to bring division in the Congregation and extreme suffering and disgrace upon its founder. Not many details have come down to us of Alphonsus's childhood. . His devotion to the Blessed Sacrament and to Our Lady was extraordinary. The basic elements of an Act of Spiritual Communion are an Act of Faith, an Act of Love, a desire to receive Christ, and an . His promotion to the episcopate in 1762 led to a renewal of his missionary activity, but in a slightly different form. In 1871, Alphonsus was declared a Doctor of the Church by Pope Pius IX. Your Catholic Voice Foundation has been granted a recognition of tax exemption under Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. The days were indeed evil. This is the great question of "Probabilism". Don Joseph de' Liguori had his faults. He knew that trials were before him. His friend the Grand Almoner betrayed him; his two envoys for negotiating with the Grand Almoner, Fathers Majone and Cimino, betrayed him, consultors general though they were. After 1752 Alphonsus gave fewer missions. Nihil Obstat. This prayer is a petition asking for the grace to love God more, so as to fear hell and desire to do His . Mimoires sur la vie et la congrigation de St. Alphonse de Liguori (Paris, 1842, 3 vols.). He was somewhat worldly and ambitious, at any rate for his son, and was rough tempered when opposed. He was the eldest of seven children and the hope of his house. His best plan would have been to consult the Holy See, but in this he had been forestalled. His austerities were rigorous, and he suffered daily the pain from rheumatism that was beginning to deform his body. The boy was bright and quick beyond his years, and made great progress in all kinds of learning. Please help support the mission of New Advent and get the full contents of this website as an instant download. The Vicar General, Monsignor Onorati drew up the minutes of the diocesan trial which lasted two years from 1772 to 1774. In 1734, however, it was reconquered by Don Carlos, the young Duke of Parma, great-grandson of Louis XIV, and the independent Bourbon Kingdom of the Two Sicilies was established. This was in 1780, when Alphonsus was eighty-three years old. Feast day: August 1. Early Christians began the devotion of following the footsteps of Christ's passion. The cause of this was "regalism", the omnipotence of kings even in matters spiritual, which was the system of government in Naples as in all the Bourbon States. In 1950 he was named patron saint of moralists and confessors by Pope Pius XII. He continued to live with the Redemptorist community in Pagani, Italy, where he died on 1 August 1787. Still it must in fairness be admitted that all priests are not great theologians able to estimate intrinsic probability at its true worth, and the Church herself might be held to have conceded something to pure probabilism by the unprecedented honours she paid to the Saint in her Decree of 22 July, 1831, which allows confessors to follow any of St. Alphonsus's own opinions without weighing the reasons on which they were based. He knew how to reach ordinary people who had limited education and very real needs. When he was preparing for the priesthood in Naples, his masters were of the rigid school, for though the center of Jansenistic disturbance was in northern Europe, no shore was so remote as not to feel the ripple of its waves. He was taught by tutors before entering the University of Naples, where he graduated with doctorates in civil and canon law at 16. by S. HORNER (Edinburgh, 1858); VON REUMONT, Die Carafa von Maddaloni (Berlin, 1851, 2 vols. For six years he laboured in and around Naples, giving missions for the Propaganda and preaching to the lazzaroni of the capital. [7] At 27, after having lost an important case, the first he had lost in eight years of practising law, he made a firm resolution to leave the profession of law. Alphonsus was not sent to school but was educated by tutors under his father's eye. The result of the retreat to the nuns was that the young priest, who before had been prejudiced by reports in Naples against the proposed new Rule, became its firm supporter, and even obtained permission from the Bishop of Scala for the change. At all events, it proved disastrous in the result. Nov 2012. If you have already donated, we sincerely thank you. In 1762 he was appointed Bishop of Sant'Agata dei Goti. The prayer he recommended to his Congregation, of which we have beautiful examples in his ascetical works, is affective; the use of short aspirations, petitions, and acts of love, rather than discursive meditation with long reflection. Federal Tax Identification Number: 81-0596847. There are two Sunday services, one at 8:15 and the second at 11. The foundation of all subsequent lives is the Della vita ed istituto del venerabile Alfonso Maria Liguori, of ANTONY TANNOIA, one of the great biographies of literature. Dedicated to Fr. In the minutes it was Alphonsus Liguori, CSsR (27 September 1696 - 1 August 1787), sometimes called Alphonsus Maria de Liguori or Saint Alphonsus Liguori, was an Italian Catholic bishop, spiritual writer, composer, musician, artist, poet, lawyer, scholastic philosopher, and theologian. Under the government of the Marquis della Sambuca, who, though a great regalist, was a personal friend of the Saint's, there was promise of better times, and in August, 1779, Alphonsus's hopes were raised by the publication of a royal decree allowing him to appoint superiors in his Congregation and to have a novitiate and house of studies. [19], His Mariology, though mainly pastoral in nature, rediscovered, integrated and defended that of St Augustine of Hippo, St Ambrose of Milan and other fathers; it represented an intellectual defence of Mariology in the 18th century, the Age of Enlightenment, against the rationalism to which contrasted his fervent Marian devotion.[20]. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. (Rome, 1896). St. Alphonsus appeared a miracle of calm to Tannoia. St. Paul of the Cross (1694-1775) and St. Alphonsus, who were altogether contemporaries, seem never to have met on earth, though the founder of the Passionists was a great friend of Alphonsus's uncle, Mgr. His father, already displeased at the failure of two plans for his son's marriage, and exasperated at Alphonsus's present neglect of his profession, was likely to offer a strenuous opposition to his leaving the world. "I follow my conscience", he wrote in 1764, "and when reason persuades me I make little account of moralists." His best-known musical work is his Christmas hymn Quanno Nascetti Ninno, later translated into Italian by Pope Pius IX as Tu scendi dalle stelle ("From Starry Skies Thou Comest"). Saint Alphonsus Maria de' Liguori, C.Ss.R. Printable Catholic Saints PDFs Riding and fencing were his recreations, and an evening game of cards; he tells us that he was debarred from being a good shot by his bad sight. He was thinking of leaving the profession and wrote to someone, "My friend, our profession is too full of difficulties and dangers; we lead an unhappy life and run risk of dying an unhappy death". Calendarium Romanum (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 1969), p. 99, Appendix to his work on the Council of Trent, Saint Alphonsus Liguori, patron saint archive, St. Alphonsus 'Rock' Liguori Church (St. Louis), "St. Alphonsus Liguori, Our Founder", Redemptorists, Baltimore Province, Tannoja, Antonio. He was baptized two days later in the church of Our Lady of the Virgins, in Naples. Alphonsus, however, was unflagging in his efforts with the Court. Saint Alphonsus Liguori. Alphonsus returned to his little cell at Nocera in July, 1775, to prepare, as he thought, for a speedy and happy death. . It's a little awkward to ask, but we need your help. A fearful commotion arose. Two days after he was born, he was baptized at the Church of Our Lady the Virgin as Alphonsus Mary Anthony John Cosmas Damian Michael Gaspard de' Liguori. The Fathers in the Papal States, with too precipitate zeal, in the very beginning denounced the change of Rule to Rome. St. Alphonsus Liguori Catholic Church is known far and wide as "The Rock." The parish is staffed by the Redemptorists, making history in 1922 when it began the weekly novena in honor of Our Mother of Perpetual Help. "The life of St. Alphonsus Maria de Liguori" (1855)John Murphy & Co., Baltimore, 1855, "Saint Alphonsus Maria de Liguori", St. Alphonsus Liguori Parish, Peterborough, Ontario, The life of St. Alphonsus Maria de Liguori, Bishop of St. Agatha of the Goths and founder of the Congregation of the Holy Redeemer, Tannoja, Antonio (d. 1808), John Murphy & Co. (1855), "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Alphonsus Liguori", "Alphonsus Maria de Liguori", Saint Alphonsus Mary de Liguori Parish, Makati City Philippines, "1st English Translation of St. Alphonsus Liguori's Moral Theology", https://www.avemarialynnfield.org/sites/g/files/zjfyce466/files/2021-01/Stations-of-the-Cross-St-Liguori.pdf, Liguori, Alphonsus. [4], Liguori learned to ride and fence but was never a good shot because of poor eyesight. St. Alphonsus was so scrupulous about truth that when, in 1776, the regalist, Mgr. He both made and kept a vow not to lose a single moment of time. In old age he was more than once raised in the air when speaking of God. His life contains a number of minor inaccuracies, however, and is seriously defective in its account of the founding of his Congregation and of the troubles which fell on it in 1780. But, before relating the episode of the "Regolamento", as it is called, we must speak of the period of the Saint's episcopate which intervened. Alphonsus himself was not spared. His system of moral theology is noted for its prudence, avoiding both laxism and excessive rigour. To follow an opinion in favour of liberty without weighing it, merely because it is held by someone else, would have seemed to Alphonsus an abdication of the judicial office with which as a confessor he was invested. [6], He became a successful lawyer. Testa, the Grand Almoner, even to have his Rule approved. Very few remarks upon his own times occur in the Saint's letters. APA citation. Some persons, boasting of being free from prejudices, take great credit to themselvesfor believing no miracles but those recorded in the holy scriptures, esteeming all others. He refused to become the bishop of Palermo but in 1762 had to accept the papal command to accept the see of St. Agatha of the Goths near Naples. (27 September 1696 - 1 August 1787), was an Italian Catholic bishop, spiritual writer, composer, musician, artist, poet, lawyer, scholastic philosopher, and theologian. Soon after, Falcoia made known to the latter his vocation to leave Naples and establish an order of missionaries at Scala, who should work above all for the neglected goatherds of the mountains. At three different times in his missions, while preaching, a ray of light from a picture of Our Lady darted towards him, and he fell into an ecstasy before the people. He was a man of strong passions, using the term in the philosophic sense, and tremendous energy, but from childhood his passions were under control. Beatified: September 15, 1816. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York. Most were in favour of accepting, but the superior objected and appealed to Filangieri, Falcoia's colleague in establishing the convent, and now, as General of the "Pii Operarii", his superior. A pure and modest boyhood passed into a manhood without reproach. Twelve years, however, still separated him from his reward, years for the most part not of peace but of greater afflictions than any which had yet befallen him. St. Alphonsus Liguori, the Prince of Moral Theologians, was one of the greatest preachers in Church history. Office Hours: Mon - Fri: 8am-4pm, Saturday: 9am-12pm . "[17][18], Liguori's greatest contribution to the Catholic Church was in the area of moral theology. But one may easily overcrowd a narrow canvas and it is better in so slight a sketch to leave the central figure in solitary relief. God, however, intended the new institute to begin with these nuns of Scala. To this altered Rule or "Regolamento", as it came to be called, the unsuspecting Saint was induced to put his signature. If in some things Alphonsus was an Anglo-Saxon, in others he was a Neapolitan of the Neapolitans, though always a saint. Copyright 2022 Catholic Online. He remained thunderstruck for a moment; then said in a broken voice: "You are right. http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01334a.htm. Blessed Clement Hofbauer joined the Redemptorist congregation in the aged Saint's lifetime, though Alphonsus never saw in the flesh the man whom he knew would be the second founder of his Order. Dissensions arose, the Saint's former friend and chief companion, Vincent Mannarini, opposing him and Falcoia in everything. Cardinals Spinelli, Sersale, and Orsini; Popes Benedict XIV, Clement XIII, Clement XIV, and Pius VI, to each of whom Alphonsus dedicated a volume of his works. He is the patron of confessors, moral theologians, and the lay apostolate. St. Alphonsus Liguori's prayer to Jesus Christ to obtain His holy love comes from the "Rule of Life", a guide for growing in holiness. He came from a wealthy family in Naples, Italy, and had every advantage in life from the moment he was born in 1696. Alphonsus, having got so much, hoped to get a little more, and through his friend, Mgr. The experience and teaching of St Alphonsus Maria de' Liguori regarding the Eucharist was in line with the Pope's invitation to Christians to persevere in their most important duty: to proclaim to humanity the great mystery of God's love, especially visible in the Eucharist. Confident that some special sacrifice was required of him, though he did not yet know what, he did not return to his profession, but spent his days in prayer, seeking to know God's will. Quite recently, a duet composed by him, between the Soul and God, was found in the British Museum bearing the date 1760 and containing a correction in his own handwriting. Alphonsus Liguori, CSsR (27 September 1696 1 August 1787), sometimes called Alphonsus Maria de Liguori or Saint Alphonsus Liguori, was an Italian Catholic bishop, spiritual writer, composer, musician, artist, poet, lawyer, scholastic philosopher, and theologian. One branch of the new Institute seen by Falcoia in vision was thus established. Moral Theology (also known as the Theologia Moralis) is a nine-volume work concerning Catholic moral theology written between 1748 and 1785 by Alphonsus Liguori, a Catholic theologian and Doctor of the Church.This work is not to be confused with Theologia moralis universa ad mentem S. Alphonsi, a 19th-century treatise by Pietro Scavini written in the philosophical tradition of Alphonsus Liguori. It was approved by the king and forced upon the stupefied Congregation by the whole power of the State. He wrote sermons, books, and articles to encourage devotion to the Blessed Sacrament and the Blessed Virgin Mary. Alphonsus wrote profusely on moral, theological, and ascetical subjects [notably his Moral Theology], was constantly engaged in combating anticlericalism and Jansenism, and was involved in several controversies over .
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